Centrifugal Pump Flow Diagram

An impeller and a casing.

Centrifugal pump flow diagram. The diagram shows the main parts of the centrifugal pump. When a centrifugal pump is operating at a constant angular velocity an increase in the system head back pressure on the flowing. Centrifugal pump is a hydraulic machine which converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy i e. The rotating impeller generates velocity and the casing converts velocity into flow.

The relation given above is also applicable when the flow becomes greater than the normal flow. The centrifugal pump definition is a pump which can be used for handling huge amount of liquids to provide extremely high flow rates and they have the capability to regulate their flow of liquid rates over a wide range. The shaft passes through the pump casing and out through the stuffing box portion of the casing through which the shaft extends and where seal or packing is placed. In order to develop greater heads or to discharge a high rate a multistage pump is used.

A centrifugal pump is a machine that uses rotation to impart velocity to a liquid it then converts that velocity into flow. In centrifugal pumps the delivery head h depends on the flow rate q. The maximum pump head of a centrifugal pump is mainly determined by the outside diameter of the pump s impeller and the shaft angular velocity speed of the rotating shaft the head will also change as the volumetric flow rate through the pump is increased. They are a sub class of dynamic axisymmetric work absorbing turbomachinery.

What is centrifugal pump. Positive displacement pumps use a mechanical means to vary the size of or move the fluid chamber to cause the fluid to flow. The fluid enters the pump impeller along or near to the rotating axis and is accelerated by the impeller. The flow of liquid takes place in radial outward direction which is reverse of the inward radial flow reaction turbine it is used in different areas where fluid is needed to raised from low level to high level.

For every pressure the pump will only deliver one specific flow rate. The momentum produces an increase in pressure or flow at the pump outlet. Pressure energy by the use of centrifugal force acting on the fluid. Generally these pumps are designed for liquids which have a comparatively low viscosity that transfers like light oil otherwise water.

This relationship also called pump performance is illustrated by curves. The output pressure of the pump is set using a back pressure regulator. Centrifugal pumps are made up of two primary components. Therefore to control the flow of a centrifugal pump simply set the output pressure to the point on the p v diagram that allows the pump to deliver the desired flow rate.

The rotational energy typically comes from an engine or electric motor. Centrifugal pumps are used to transport fluids by the conversion of rotational kinetic energy to the hydrodynamic energy of the fluid flow. On the other hand centrifugal pumps impart momentum to the fluid by rotating impellers that are immersed in the fluid.